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William McBride (doctor)
Dr. William Griffith McBride CBE AO (born 25 May 1927 in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia),〔(The most influential Australians ) — "''Sydney Morning Herald''"〕〔(William Griffith McBride biography ) — The University of Melbourne〕 is an Australian gynecologist and obstetrician, and currently holds the position of professor. He discovered the teratogenicity of thalidomide,〔(Papers of William McBride, ca. 1953-1996 ), National Library of Australia, accessed 26 July 2010〕〔(1960s Timeline ) — Australian Broadcasting Corporation〕〔Page 48 of ''The New Scientist'' Page 48, Vol. 56 — published 5 October 1972〕〔http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-19448046〕 which resulted in the reduction of the number of drugs prescribed during pregnancy.
==Thalidomide case==
Dr McBride published a letter in ''The Lancet'', in December 1961, noting a large number of birth defects in children of patients who were prescribed Thalidomide.〔(Text of McBride letter )〕 Dr. McBride was awarded a medal and prize money by the prestigious L'Institut de la Vie of the French Government in connection with his discovery. Using the prize money, he established Foundation 41, a Sydney-based medical research foundation concerned with the causes of birth defects. His most notable achievement, with Dr P H Huang, was the discovery that thalidomide caused malformations by interacting with the DNA of the dividing embryonic cells. This finding stimulated their experimentation, which showed that thalidomide may inhibit cell division in rapidly dividing cells of malignant tumors. This work was published in the journal "Pharmacology and Toxicology" in 1999 and has been rated in the top ten of the most important Australian medical discoveries. (The Sydney Morning Herald - 2005)
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